Klein Bottles
In topology, a Klein Bottle is a kind of non-orientable surface, first discovered by the German mathematician Felix Klein.
December 3, 2006 @ 7:15 pm · Filed under Mathematics
In topology, a Klein Bottle is a kind of non-orientable surface, first discovered by the German mathematician Felix Klein.
The usual immersion of this surface is given by the equation:
![\small (x^2+y^2+z^2+2y-1)[(x^2+y^2+z^2-2y-1)^2-8z^2]+16xz(x^2+y^2+z^2-2y-1)=0 \small (x^2+y^2+z^2+2y-1)[(x^2+y^2+z^2-2y-1)^2-8z^2]+16xz(x^2+y^2+z^2-2y-1)=0](http://metlin.org/blog/wp-content/plugins/latexrender/pictures/d3c498617ee00ee028ad6d0dd662d68a.gif)
The famous “figure 8” immersion can be expressed in parametric equations as:



The renders shown below are of the latter, done in Scilab. Click to view the larger versions.
And as always, here is the code for the above render:
//Klein Bottle
clear;
stacksize (10000000);
num_points = 50;
u = linspace (0, 2*(%pi), num_points);
v= linspace (0, 2*(%pi), num_points);
[U, V] = meshgrid (u, v);
x = cos(U).*(cos(U./2).*(sqrt(2)+cos(V))+(sin(U./2).*sin(V).*cos(V)));
y = sin(U).*(cos(U./2).*(sqrt(2)+cos(V))+(sin(U./2).*sin(V).*cos(V)));
z = -1.*sin(U./2).*(sqrt(2)+cos(V))+cos(U./2).*sin(V).*cos(V);
surf(x, y, z,’edgecol’,'gre’);
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